Summary: Typhus is a bacterial disease spread by lice or fleas. Rickettsia prowazekii causes epidemic typhus. It is spread by lice. Brill-Zinsser disease is a mild form of epidemic typhus. It occurs when the bacteria become active again in a person who was previously infected. It is more common in older adults.
Reference Material:
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001363.htm